The material that allows flow of magnetic field through them are called as magnetic material.
Four types of magnetic material.
1> Diamagnetic material:- In diamagnetic material there is no magnetism in absence of external magnetic field.
When magnetic field is applied dipoles are induced and they are orient in a direction opposite to external magnetic field.
Due to negative susceptibility the flux density inside diamagnetic material decrease.
Example:- copper,silicon,gold and diamond.
2> Paramagnetic material:- In paramagnetic material magnetic dipoles already exist due to spin of unpair electron in an atom.
In paramagnetic material magnetic dipoles are randomly oriented but when magnetic field is applied such dipoles align parallel to external magnetic field.
Due to positive susceptibility the flux density inside the paramagnetic material increase.
Example:-potassium, oxigen .
3> Ferromagnetic material:- these element lies d block and s block of periodic table and they have large number of unpaired electron which contribute to spin movement and are strongly magnetized
Example:- iron, nickel.
Since ferromagnetic material is strongly magnetized.the magnetic field lines converge when they pass through ferromagnetic material. When magnetic field is remove the dipoles remains align inside the material giving rise to residual flux density.
4> Ferrimagnetic material :- In this material when magnetic field is applied the successive dipoles get align in opposite direction but their dipoles movement do not completely cancle eachother. To drive ferromagnetic material iron is replaced by magnez.ferrimagnetic material have high resistivity.
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